Review of Innovation Policy in the Russian Federation 2011, prepared in partnership with the Russian Ministry of Education and Science, points out a high level of education in Russia and good development in several fields of science and technology, but also mentions low level of innovation activities in companies, weak competition, and inefficient infrastructure.

Recent Russian policy initiatives to modernize government institutions and economy stand for acknowledged need to abandon strategy of reliance on natural resources in favour of intensive methods. But current innovation policy is overly focused on high technologies, and thus leaves out much of the Russian economy, according to the review. Its authors recommend to shift innovation "centre of gravity" in Russia towards production companies, low-tech and services industries, as well as to complement local innovation system with foreign sources of knowledge.

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